Democracy

Democracy is a universal ideal and one of the core values of political system with institutions that allows citizens to express their political preferences, has constraints on the power of the executive, and provides a guarantee of civil liberties. In autocracy or other form of political system political expression does not occur citizen does not have civil liberties. During the19th century, most of the world's population lived in colonial empires, autocracies, or anocracies. The late 19th century saw a limited expansion of democracies. And since that time, there has been a general upward trend in the share of the world population living under democracies, save for the period before and during World War II.

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During the second half of the 20th century, colonies gained independence and more countries became democracies. Today, more than half the world's population live in a democracy. And of those who still live in autocracies, four-fifths are Chinese.                               "Democracy in means rule by the people, government system where people choose Thier leader using voting rights.In direct democracy the people govern directly  and  made governing body.".                                                        United Nations Support for Democracy    UN’s work in promoting human rights, development, and peace and security, and include:

• 1.assisting parliaments to enhance the checks and balances that allow democracy to thrive;
• 2.helping to strengthen the impartiality and effectiveness of national human rights institutions and justice and security systems;
• 3.helping to develop legislation and media capacities to ensure freedom of expression and access to information;
• 4.assisting to develop policies and legislation to guarantee the right to freedom of association and of peaceful assembly;
• 5.providing electoral assistance and long-term support for electoral management bodies;6. promoting women’s participation in political and public life.                                               

  The International Day of Democracy

  On 8 November 2007, the General Assembly proclaimed 15 September as the International Day of Democracy, inviting Member States, the United Nations system and other regional, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations to commemorate the Day. The International Day of Democracy provides an opportunity to review the state of democracy in the world. Democracy is as much a process as a goal, and only with the full participation of and support by the international community, national governing bodies, civil society and individuals, can the ideal of democracy be made into a reality to be enjoyed by everyone, everywhere.                                                                                      United Nations Democracy Fund (UNDEF) supports projects that strengthen the voice of civil society, promote human rights, and encourage the participation of all groups in democratic processes. It is the only UN entity that has the word “democracy” in its name; the only UN body with the primary purpose of supporting democracy through empowering civil society; and one of the youngest entities in the UN system.                   
  

  WOMEN AND DEMOCRACY

  Democracy requires that citizens’ interests be heard, deliberated and legislated on. Women are half of the world’s population, and as such their voice should be heard in the democratic process. Democracy needs women in order to be truly democratic, and women need democracy if they are to change the systems and laws that preclude them, and preclude them, and preclude societies as a whole, from attaining equality.

  It is through democratic representation that women’s interests can be represented and their voices heard. Article 7 in the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) reiterates the importance of women’s representation in the political life of their countries:

  “…ensure to women, on equal terms with men, the right: 
  (a) To vote in all elections and public referenda and to be eligible for election to all publicly elected bodies; 
  (b) To participate in the formulation of government policy and the implementation thereof and to hold public office and perform all public functions at all levels of     government”.                                                                                              INDEX TO MEASURE DEMOCRACY.                                  The Democracy Index is an indexcompiled by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), a UK-based company. Its intention is to measure the state of democracy in 167 countries, of which 166 are sovereign states and 164 are UN member states.